單項選擇題What is an advantage of an externally modulated laser over a directly modulated laser？ （）

A. lower cost
B. higher chirp
C. easier to manufacture
D. higher dispersion tolerance
E. higher optical signal-to-noise ratio


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2.單項選擇題Which device creates an OEO conversion？ （）

A. amplifier
B. attenuator
C. regenerator
D. light emitter
E. optical switch
F. optical receiver
G. fiber-optic cable

3.單項選擇題What is the difference between the transmitted power and the sensitivity of the receiver？ （）

A. OSNR
B. dispersion
C. attenuation
D. power budget
E. amplifier spacing
F. four wave mixing

4.多項選擇題Which three technologies are used to reduce chromatic dispersion accumulation in fiber-optic transmission systems？（）

A. PIN photodiodes
B. zero-chirped lasers
C. Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
D. dispersion compensating fiber
E. dispersion compensating Bragg grating

5.單項選擇題Why are the 1300 nm and 1550 nm regions of the fiber spectrum primarily used for optical communications？（）

A. They are both regions of lowest loss.
B. They are both regions of low reflections.
C. They are both regions of low index of refraction.
D. They are both regions of low chromatic dispersion.
E. They are both regions of low Polarization Mode Dispersion （PMD）.

6.多項選擇題What three in combination are factors that can cause four-wave mixing in fiber-optic cables？（）

A. low optical powe
B. high optical power
C. few optical channels
D. many optical channels
E. low chromatic dispersion
F. high chromatic dispersion
G. too much power differential in the optical channels


8.單項選擇題

Click the Exhibit button. 
Which type of multiplexer is shown in the exhibit？（）

A. Thin Film filter
B. Fiber Bragg Grating
C. Arrayed Wave Guide
D. Erbium fiber amplifier

9.多項選擇題What are three factors that limit the maximum distance of an amplified optical signal without regeneration？ （）

A. fiber dispersion
B. signal attenuation
C. transmitter power
D. amplifier bandwidth
E. receiver dispersion tolerance

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