Human capacity for language has a g（）basis, but the details of language have to be taught and learned.

D（）is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units.

Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the written language.

Pragmatics

Social changes can often bring about language changes.

In the study of linguistics, hypotheses formed should be based on language facts and checked against the observed facts.

General linguistics is generally the study of language as a whole.

General linguistics, which relates itself to the research of other areas, studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and methods applicable in any linguistic study.

Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.

Syntax